The current gain of a current mirror amplifier (CMA) is trimmed by applying an adjustable potential difference between the base-emitter potentials of first and second transistors of the CMA, this potential difference being substantially linearly proportional to the absolute temperature at which the first and second transistors are operated. The resultant trim maintains itself over a wide range of temperature.
Bridge-Output Amplifier With Direct-Coupled Differential-Mode Feedback
A bridge-output amplifier, comprising four transistor means connected in bridge responsive to a drive signal to supply opposite ends of a cross-arm load with push-pull output signals, has direct-coupled differential mode feedback to reduce the quiescent potential applied across the load. This feedback is provided by a difference amplifier having the push-pull output signals applied to respective ones of its inverting and non-inverting input circuits and supplying a feedback signal at its output circuit. This feedback signal is used to improve the balance of the bridge.
Reference Voltage Circuit Using Nested Diode Means
A temperature-independent reference voltage is developed as the difference between the offset potentials across first and second diode means, the second nested within the first to conduct the same forward bias current.
A multivibrator in which a timing capacitor is connected between the collector of a first transistor and the base of a second transistor and in which a current source connected to the collector of the first transistor provides the charging current for the timing capacitor. The conduction path of a third transistor is connected between the collector and base of the first transistor and its control electrode is connected to a control voltage point for controlling the charging period of the capacitor and for ensuring oscillation when the multivibrator is connected as an astable multivibrator.
A first reference voltage which exhibits a negative coefficient of change with temperature is developed as an offset potential across a forward-biased semiconductor junction or a series string of such junctions operated at an absolute temperature T. A second reference voltage which varies in linear proportion to the absolute temperature T is additively combined with the first reference voltage to simulate a higher density of forward current flow through the semiconductor junctions.
Apparatus For Supplying Symmetrically Limited Bidirectional Signal Currents
An input signal current is superimposed on a direct current. The resultant unidirectional composite signal is symmetrically peak-limited or clipped. Thereafter, the direct current component is extracted to leave a bidirectional signal current which has symmetrically limited peaks and substantially no direct component.
A Schottky barrier contact is formed by depositing the conductor portion of the Schottky barrier contact on a surface of a semiconductor from which a conductivity determining dopant has been leached to create a surface region of reduced dopant concentration. This process is compatible with the formation of an ohmic contact to an increased conductivity portion of the semiconductor material, an unleached portion of the semiconductor material or to a leached portion of the semiconductor material.
Amplifier With Fast Recovery After Input Signal Overswing
In a direct-coupled cascade of first and second amplifier stages respectively including first and second complementary-conductivity transistors, the collector electrode of the first transistor being connected to the base electrode of the second transistor, there is a delay in recovery of response to input signal after a sustained input signal overswing condition. This delay is obviated by direct coupling an auxiliary amplifier stage having a gain of relatively low amplitude and opposite sense as compared to the first amplifier stage, in parallel with the first amplifier stage. The auxiliary amplifier prevents the discharge of capacitances in the second amplifier stage when the conduction of the first transistor is cut off. Then, upon the resumption of conduction of the first transistor, no time is needed for re-charging the capacitances before the second transistor can be drawn back into conduction.
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