David E Justice

US Patent:

44015194, Aug 30, 1983

Filed:

Feb 25, 1981

Appl. No.:

6/238267

Inventors:

Igor V. Kadija - Cleveland TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - New Haven CT

International Classification:

C25D 108
C25D 548
C25B 1103
H01M 488

US Classification:

204 11

Abstract:

An improved reticulate electrode is produced by coating only one surface with a hydrophobic coating agent. Suitable hydrophobic coating agents include thermoplastic polymers such as polyolefins, polyhaloolefins, polyarylene sulfides and sulfone polymers. A preferred embodiment of the reticulate electrode is produced in a method which comprises: (a) affixing filaments to a support fabric to form a network of filaments, the filaments being comprised of a metal or metal sensitized plastic, (b) depositing an electroconductive metal on the filaments to form metal coated filaments, the deposition providing interfilament bonding at contact sites between adjacent filaments, (c) removing the support fabric from the metal coated filament network to produce a reticulate electrode having a porosity of at least 80 percent, and (d) depositing on only one surface of the reticulate electrode a coating of a hydrophobic coating agent. The novel reticulate electrodes have improved gas nucleation and release properties which result in reduced cell voltage when employed in electrolytic processes.

US Patent:

46875581, Aug 18, 1987

Filed:

May 5, 1986

Appl. No.:

6/859956

Inventors:

David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Kenneth E. Woodard - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 134

US Classification:

204 59R

Abstract:

A filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane which employs a cathode having a first layer and a second layer cooperative with the membrane such that the voltage coefficient during operation at current densities greater than 4. 0 kiloamperes per square meter is less than about 0. 20 volts per kiloampere per square meter.

US Patent:

44683120, Aug 28, 1984

Filed:

May 2, 1983

Appl. No.:

6/490812

Inventors:

Igor V. Kadija - Cleveland TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - New Haven CT

International Classification:

C25B 1103

US Classification:

204284

Abstract:

An improved reticulate electrode is produced by coating only one surface with a hydrophobic coating agent. Suitable hydrophobic coating agents includes thermoplastic polymers such as polyolefins, polyhalo-olefins, polyarylene sulfides and sulfone polymers. A preferred embodiment of the reticulate electrode is produced in a method which comprises: (a) affixing filaments to a support fabric to form a network of filaments, the filaments being comprised of a metal or metal sensitized plastic, (b) depositing an electroconductive metal on the filaments to form metal coated filaments, the deposition providing interfilament bonding at contact sites between adjacent filaments, (c) removing the support fabric from the metal coated filament network to produce a reticulate electrode having a porosity of at least 80 percent, and (d) depositing on only one surface of the reticulate electrode a coating of a hydrophobic coating agent. The novel reticulate electrodes have improved gas nucleation and release properties which result in reduced cell voltage when employed in electrolytic processes.

US Patent:

45781591, Mar 25, 1986

Filed:

Apr 25, 1985

Appl. No.:

6/727171

Inventors:

Ronald C. Miles - Cleveland TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Ronald L. Dotson - Cheshire CT

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 116

US Classification:

204 98

Abstract:

A process for the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide in an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment containing at least one anode, a cathode compartment containing at least one cathode, and a cation exchange membrane separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment comprises feeding the aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide to the anode compartment; feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode compartment; and electrolyzing the alkali metal halide solution to produce a halogen gas and alkali metal ions in the anode compartment. The alkali metal ions and water are passed through the cation exchange membrane into the cathode compartment to contact a hydrophilic porous cathode. The alkali metal ions, the water and the oxygen-containing gas produce a concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution which flows through a hydrophilic porous cathode. The concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution is removed from the cathode compartment to prevent a substantial accumulation of the concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution in the cathode compartment.

US Patent:

49197916, Apr 24, 1990

Filed:

Oct 9, 1985

Appl. No.:

6/785686

Inventors:

Ronald C. Miles - Cleveland TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Kenneth E. Woodard - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 116
C25B 126

US Classification:

204 98

Abstract:

A process for the electrolysis of an alkali metal halide brine is operated in an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment containing at least one anode, a cathode compartment containing at least one cathode, and a cation exchange membrane separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment. The process comprises: (a) feeding the alkali metal halide brine to the anode compartment; (b) electrolyzing the alkali metal halide brine at a current density of at least about 2 kiloamperes per square meter to produce a halogen gas and alkali metal ions in the anode compartment; (c) passing the alkali metal ions and water through the cation exchange membrane into the cathode compartment wherein contact is maintained between the cation exchange membrane and the hydrophilic porous cathode; (d) feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode compartment; (e) producing a concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution while limiting the formation of hydrogen; and (f) removing the concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution from the cathode compartment to prevent an accumulation of concentrated alkali metal hydroxide in the cathode compartment. Operation of the process of the present invention is free of the restrictions for hydrostatic pressures and gas pressures required when hydrophobic cathode materials are used in the cathode compartment. The process further permits the use of increased current densities without forming significant amounts of hydrogen gas.

US Patent:

45884838, May 13, 1986

Filed:

Jul 2, 1984

Appl. No.:

6/626963

Inventors:

Kenneth E. Woodard - Cleveland TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Garland E. Hilliard - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 134

US Classification:

204 59R

Abstract:

A filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane which employs a cathode having a first layer and a second layer cooperative with the membrane such that the voltage cofficient during operation at current densities greater than 4. 0 kiloamperes per square meter is less than about 0. 20 volts per kiloampere per square meter.

US Patent:

45280770, Jul 9, 1985

Filed:

Jul 2, 1982

Appl. No.:

6/394964

Inventors:

David L. Fair - Chattanooga TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Kenneth E. Woodard - Cleveland TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 126
C25B 134
C25B 1103
C25B 1110

US Classification:

204 95

Abstract:

An electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of an alkali metal chloride brine is comprised of an anode compartment and a cathode compartment separated by a cation exchange membrane. The anode is comprised of an unflattened expanded structure of a valve metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, niobium, and alloys thereof. At least one side of the anode has as the electrochemically active surface an electrodeposited layer of a valve metal oxide. A plurality of cracks traverse the electrodeposited layer and a coating of a platinum metal group oxide covers the electrodeposited layer and substantially fills the cracks. The cationic exchange membrane is comprised of a laminated structure having a first surface adapted to contact an anolyte in which the ion exchange groups are predominately sulfonic acid groups. The first surface is also in contact with the electrochemically active surface of the anode. A second surface of the cation exchange membrane, adapted to contact a catholyte, has ion exchange groups which are predominately carboxylic acid groups.

US Patent:

45156654, May 7, 1985

Filed:

Oct 24, 1983

Appl. No.:

6/544677

Inventors:

David L. Fair - Chattanooga TN
David D. Justice - Cleveland TN
Pilar P. Kelly - Knoxville TN

Assignee:

Olin Corporation - Cheshire CT

International Classification:

C25B 146

US Classification:

204 98

Abstract:

A method for stabilizing metal-silica, particularly aluminum-silica colloidal complexes in an alkali metal halide, particularly sodium chloride, brine used as an anolyte feedstock for membrane electrolytic cells. Such stabilization is achieved by modifying the startup procedure of the cell so as to promote a sufficient level of hydroxyl ion backmigration during electrolysis so as to keep the pH of said brine at a value about 3. 5.