Edward D Stark

US Patent:

7142307, Nov 28, 2006

Filed:

Mar 14, 1997

Appl. No.:

08/818289

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY, US

International Classification:

G01N 21/47

US Classification:

356446, 356442, 3562391

Abstract:

Apparatus and a method are disclosed for the simultaneous or rapid sequential use of two or more different separations between the source and detector of the measuring apparatus to obtain spectral measurement data in diffuse transmission or “interaction” modes of collecting optical information from a specimen. The method and apparatus subsequently combine separate data taken from two or more different pathlengths to provide discrimination against undesired information while preserving or enhancing desired information. Additional reference information to normalize the optical signal is also provided. The optical and mechanical design of the optical probe also provides for transmittance, reflectance and interactance measurements on small amounts of specimen.

US Patent:

7397566, Jul 8, 2008

Filed:

Aug 23, 2006

Appl. No.:

11/508774

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY, US

International Classification:

G01N 21/47

US Classification:

356446, 356442, 3562391

Abstract:

A method, system and apparatus for improving at least one of a) optical interactance measurements, b) optical transmittance measurements and c) optical reflectance measurements. The apparatus has a probe having a body portion and an tip portion. The body portion has a central tubular element having an opening therethrough. The tip portion has a central aperture and a number that is a plurality of ring openings therein. At least some of the plurality of rings are angled with respect to a longitudinal axis of the probe. A plurality of fiber optic bundles corresponds in number at least to the number of ring openings, and at least one fiber optic bundle is arranged at one end of the longitudinal axis for receiving specimen information and at another end of the longitudinal axis connected to a detector for receiving a signal.

US Patent:

49972812, Mar 5, 1991

Filed:

Aug 24, 1989

Appl. No.:

7/398094

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY

International Classification:

G01J 318

US Classification:

356328

Abstract:

An improved flat field grating spectrometer for increasing the spectral resolutiion and usable spectral range. The spectrometer comprises an entrance slit or port, a concave grating, a field flattening lens and detection means encompassing the desired spectral region and capable of providing separate measurements between different regions of the spectral image plane. A second embodiment provides a beam splitter (dichroic or neutral density) placed between the grating and the detector to divert a portion of the energy at selected wavelengths through a second field flattening lens to a second detection means.

US Patent:

61241342, Sep 26, 2000

Filed:

Aug 23, 1996

Appl. No.:

8/697433

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY

International Classification:

G01N 2131
G01N 2125
G01N 3300

US Classification:

436 63

Abstract:

A method of and apparatus for determining stable and labile glycated compound levels in blood. Electromagnetic energy covering a multiplicity of wavelength bands within a wavelength range from 380 nm to 2500 nm is directed into a sample volume containing blood. Portions of the energy representative of both the source energy and energy after interacting with material within the sample volume are collected. The energy portions carry information relating to the source energy and the levels of labile and stable compounds within the sample volume, respectively. The portions are converted into electrical signals representative of the intensities of the respective portions in each of the multiplicity of wavelength bands. The electrical signals are pretreated in accordance with known information to remove deviations from established reference conditions to form data signals that are a function of the fractional portion of the energy in each of the wavelength bands absorbed and scattered by the material in the measurement volume. Selected groups of the data signals are processed in accordance with chemometric models developed from analysis of such data signals together with known values of the analytes derived from measurements on a calibration set of samples larger in number than the number of wavelength bands included in the set of the selected groups of data signals to develop analyte signals representative of the amounts of glycated compounds for which chemometric models have been developed and utilized.

US Patent:

54331978, Jul 18, 1995

Filed:

Sep 4, 1992

Appl. No.:

7/940691

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY

International Classification:

A61B 500

US Classification:

128633

Abstract:

A glucose sensor to provide a non-invasive means of determining blood glucose which is of particular value in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. The patient's eye is illuminated with near-infrared radiation which passes into the eye through the cornea and the aqueous humor, is reflected from the iris and/or lens surface, and then passes out through the aqueous humor and cornea. The reflected radiation is collected and detected by a near-infrared sensor which measures the reflected energy in one or more wavelength bands. Comparison of the reflected energy with the source energy provides a measure of the spectral absorption by the eye which is characteristic of the composition of the cornea, the aqueous humor, and the other structures within the eye through which the energy is transmitted or from which it is reflected. In particular, the level of glucose in the aqueous humor is a function of the level of glucose in the blood so that non-invasive determinations of blood glucose may be obtained by suitable calibration relating the measured spectral absorption of the aqueous humor to the measured blood glucose level. To obtain specificity and accuracy, the spectral data at several or many wavelengths may be utilized with a multivariate calibration and prediction process to separate the glucose information from the spectral influences of interfering substances, such as water, which also absorb the near-infrared radiation within the wavelength region utilized for the measurement.

US Patent:

39757277, Aug 17, 1976

Filed:

Jun 28, 1974

Appl. No.:

5/484027

Inventors:

Arthur H. Mader - Mount Vernon NY
Donatas V. Gasiunas - Carmel NY
Edward W. Stark - Garden City NY

Assignee:

Technicon Instruments Corporation - Tarrytown NY

International Classification:

H03K 1302

US Classification:

340347NT

Abstract:

New and improved apparatus is provided for the calibration and standardization of the analog output signal level of automated analysis equipment, which level varies as a function of the concentration of the constituent being analyzed. Such apparatus comprises an A/D converter including a dual-slope integrator for translating the output signal level to a time interval which varies as a function of the constituent. Such apparatus further includes means for generating the inverse function of the analytical function, which is applied to linearize and scale the output signal level and to convert such level directly to digital form. Also, provision is made for the calibration and standardization, on an individual basis, of each of a plurality of analytical channels in a multi-channel system.

US Patent:

55684009, Oct 22, 1996

Filed:

Aug 28, 1990

Appl. No.:

7/572534

Inventors:

Edward W. Stark - New York NY
Harald Martens - Aas, NO

International Classification:

G06F 1700
G06F15900

US Classification:

364498

Abstract:

An improved method and apparatus are disclosed for processing spectral data to remove undesired variations in such data and to remove interfering information present in the data. The method land apparatus corrects multiplicative effects present in the spectral data. Additive and interferent contributions can be corrected as well. In one aspect of the method, coefficients for a selected appropriate model are applied to the input spectral data based on first and second reference spectra. The spectral data are then corrected based on the estimated coefficients at least as to multiplicative errors for producing a linear additive structure for use in calibration, validation and determination by linear multivariate analysis. The method and apparatus will improve the accuracy of spectral data structures derived from measurements Using spectroscopy, chromatography, thermal analysis, mechanical vibration and acoustic analysis, rheology, electrophoresis, image analysis and other analytical technologies producing data of similar multivariate nature.

US Patent:

42788870, Jul 14, 1981

Filed:

Feb 4, 1980

Appl. No.:

6/118563

Inventors:

Victor G. Lipshutz - Tarrytown NY
Edward Stark - Yorktown Heights NY

Assignee:

Technicon Instruments Corporation - Tarrytown NY

International Classification:

G01N 2101
G01J 104
G01N 110

US Classification:

250432

Abstract:

A fluid sample cell comprising a sample compartment of precisely predetermined depth bounded by opposed surfaces of a transparent window and a diffuse mirror is disclosed, and comprises inlet and outlet ports for the flow of a series of successive samples into and through said sample compartment and the spectroscopic analysis thereof by irradiation and detection of transmitted and reflected radiation.