Heather Elicia Clark

US Patent:

6379955, Apr 30, 2002

Filed:

Sep 20, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/665789

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI
Heather Clark - Middletown CT
Eric Monson - Ann Arbor MI
Stephen Parus - Ann Arbor MI
Martin Philbert - Ann Arbor MI
Bjorn Thorsrud - Lima OH

Assignee:

Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor MI

International Classification:

C12N 500

US Classification:

435325, 435 4, 435 29, 435164, 435172, 435805, 422 8205, 422 8706

Abstract:

Fiberless optical sensors (plasticized PVC, acrylamide or gold particles) are described having a size ranging from between approximately 1 micrometer and 1 nanometer in diameter. The sensors comprise ionophores useful for the detection of intracellular analytes.

US Patent:

6636652, Oct 21, 2003

Filed:

Aug 2, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/365487

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI
Heather Clark - Middletown CT
Susan Barker - Silver Spring MD

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor MI

International Classification:

G02B 600

US Classification:

385 12, 385 38, 385127, 385128

Abstract:

Optical fiber sensors and fiberless optical sensors for measuring analytes, and in particular nitric oxide, are described utilizing metals, and more particularly, metal colloids. Proteins (or fragments thereof) with selective binding are immobilized on metal particles. The proteins may be dye-labeled for increased sensitivity. Additionally, metals functionally linked to reporter dyes are described in addition to the incorporation of reference compounds for ratiometric measurements.

US Patent:

6900891, May 31, 2005

Filed:

Jul 30, 2003

Appl. No.:

10/630928

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI, US
Heather Clark - Middletown CT, US
Susan Barker - Charlottesville VA, US

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Harbor MI

International Classification:

G01N021/64

US Classification:

356318, 2504581, 436172

Abstract:

Optical fiber sensors and fiberless optical sensors for measuring analytes, and in particular nitric oxide, are described utilizing metals, and more particularly, metal colloids. Proteins (or fragments thereof) with selective binding are immobilized on metal particles. The proteins may be dye-labeled for increased sensitivity.

US Patent:

20020155600, Oct 24, 2002

Filed:

Apr 30, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/135168

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI, US
Heather Clark - Middletown CT, US
Eric Monson - Ann Arbor MI, US
Stephen Parus - Ann Arbor MI, US
Martin Philbert - Ann Arbor MI, US
Bjorn Thorsrud - Lima OH, US

International Classification:

C12N005/00
C12N005/02

US Classification:

435/325000

Abstract:

Fiberless optical sensors (plasticized PVC, acrylamide or gold particles) are described having a size ranging from between approximately 1 micrometer and 1 nanometer in diameter. The sensors comprise ionophores useful for the detection of intracellular analytes.

US Patent:

6272262, Aug 7, 2001

Filed:

Jul 6, 1999

Appl. No.:

9/348115

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI
Heather Clark - Ypsilanti MI
Susan Barker - Ann Arbor MI

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor MI

International Classification:

G02B 600
C12Q 100
C12M 1114
A61K 4900
C07K 1714

US Classification:

385 12

Abstract:

Fiber-optic sensors and fiberless sensors are made for measuring analytes, in particular nitric oxide. The sensors contain a compound specific for the analyte such a nitric oxide-binding compound. Fiber-optic sensors contain the compound immobilized on the tip of the fiber. The tip may be coated with an inert coating such as a metal layer and the compound is immobilized on the coating. Nitric oxide-binding compounds include heme-binding proteins, porphyrin group-containing proteins, heme group-containing proteins, dye-labeled porphyrin group-containing proteins and dye-labeled heme group-containing proteins. In a specific embodiment, dye-labeled cytochrome c' such as fluorescein-labeled cytochrome c' is immobilized on a fiber tip containing a gold colloid layer. The fiberless sensors are small enough to enter a single mammalian cell relatively non-invasively. Embodiments of the sensors include a polymer fiberless sensor containing a nitric oxide-binding compound and a polymer such as polyacrylamide, a sol-gel fiberless sensor containing a nitric oxide-binding compound entrapped in a matrix and a metal fiberless sensor containing a nitric oxide-binding compound immobilized on metal particles such as metal colloids.

US Patent:

60028173, Dec 14, 1999

Filed:

Sep 29, 1997

Appl. No.:

8/939214

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI
Heather Clark - Ypsilanti MI
Susan Barker - Ann Arbor MI

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor MI

International Classification:

G02B 600

US Classification:

385 12

Abstract:

Optical fiber sensors and fiberless optical sensors for measuring analytes, and in particular nitric oxide, are described utilizing metals, and more particularly, metal colloids. Proteins (or fragments thereof) with selective binding are immobilized on metal particles. The proteins may be dye-labeled for increased sensitivity.

US Patent:

61435589, Nov 7, 2000

Filed:

Jul 8, 1997

Appl. No.:

8/889538

Inventors:

Raoul Kopelman - Ann Arbor MI
Heather Clark - Ypsilanti MI
Eric Monson - Ann Arbor MI
Stephen Parus - Ann Arbor MI
Martin Philbert - Ann Arbor MI
Bjorn Thorsrud - Lima OH

Assignee:

The Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor MI

International Classification:

C12N 500

US Classification:

435325

Abstract:

Fiberless optical sensors (plasticized PVC, acrylamide or gold particles) are described having a size ranging from between approximately 1 micrometer and 1 nanometer in diameter. The sensors comprise ionophores useful for the detection of intracellular analytes.