The present disclosure is directed to generating hydrogen using thermal energy. In some implementations, a method includes concentrating solar energy on an absorption element to heat the absorption element to about 2,000 C. or greater. The absorption element is in thermal contact with a reservoir of water. The water is at a pressure of, for example, approximately 760 Torr or less, and at least a portion of the water disassociates based on heat from the absorption element. The hydrogen and the oxygen are rapidly cooled to substantially avoid recombination. After cooling, the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are pressurized and then separated using a size-selective membrane.
A procedure for planarizing a group II-VI composition which includes a resist and etch-back procedure wherein a thick resist coating relative to the degree of non-planarity is spun over a non-planar group II-VI layer to provide a planar resist surface. The resist is then etched back to the group II-VI layer with etching of both the resist and the group II-VI layer then continuing simultaneously and at substantially the same etch rate until all of the resist has been removed. The etching takes place in a chamber having a parallel plate RF plasma etcher using a dry etchant which uses the RF plasma. The etchant is a hydrogen and oxygen combination at low pressure which is activated by the RF excitation. An inert gas, preferably argon, and methane can optionally be added to the gas flow. The flow rate at each inlet is continuously adjustable.
Optically Based Miniaturized Sensor With Integrated Fluidics
Jerry Elkind - Richardson TX Richard A. Carr - Rowlett TX Jose Melendez - Plano TX
Assignee:
Texas Instruments Incorporated - Dallas TX
International Classification:
G01N 2117
US Classification:
422 8205
Abstract:
A miniaturized sensor (100) that improves the confidence measure of a given sample reading by directing the flow of sample to the sensor/sample interface (117) and thus bringing the sample reliably in contact with the sensor's biosensing film. An inlet flow channel (105) extending from the bottom (125) of the sensor (100) to the sensing surface (120). The inlet channel (105) guides the sample to a cavity 115 formed at a housing surface (120) where it interacts with the film deposit (117). An outlet channel (110) extends from the cavity (115) to the bottom surface (125) and directs the sample outside the device. The light source (58), detector array (68) and interface (54) can be added to the structure providing a fully integrated miniaturized sensor. Various well known methods of manufacturing may be used including mill casting, split molding and double mold processes.
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