A method and system for filtering water in aquarium tanks comprising: a macerating/comminuting chamber with a continuously self-cleaning screen covering the discharge outlet that only allows, optimally sized, easily digestible, organic material to pass out of the macerating/comminuting chamber and into an, optionally self-cleaning, media containing denitrifying microbes. There are three different embodiments that use the method of the current invention. These comprise: a reverse flow under-gravel filter apparatus with the macerating/comminuting chamber and filter screen on the discharge side of the pump, a reverse flow under-gravel filter apparatus with the macerating/comminuting chamber and filter screen on the inlet side of the pump, and an external box filter apparatus with the macerating/comminuting chamber on the discharge side of the pump.
Systems And Methods For Drying A Plurality Of Diverse Articles
Apparatus for treatment of multiple articles located in separate chambers () for treatment with an ambient or heated, and/or treated air flow stream (); and processes for drying multiple articles located in the separate chambers () using an ambient or heated, and/or treated air flow stream (). The chambers () are within a container or form a container (), and the chambers () are connected in a manner that defines a virtual air flow stream tube having a length in excess of any single nominal length dimension or of any nominal internal width dimension or of any nominal internal height dimension of the container so that any to-be-treated items supported within any chamber is treated with air flow stream ().
Restraining devices for use with small quadruped animals are provided. The restraining devices are comprised of a pair of substantially equal length cords, each cord having a first end, a second end opposite the first end and an intermediate portion between the first and second ends. A mechanism is secured to the first end of the cords for receiving at least a portion of the intermediate portions of the cords with the intermediate portions each forming a loop to be disposed within one of the foreleg pits of the small animal whereby an animal straining against a person holding the second ends results in a pressure applied to the foreleg pits of the animal causing the animal to react.
A flexible flying disc used for play by adults and children as a retrieval toy for animals, particularly dogs. The disc is characterized by having an aerodynamic design for long and stable flight similar to rigid discs, yet is made of soft, flexible material which eliminates harm to humans and damage to the mouths of any animal catching it. The lower edge is made of an abrasion-resistant material which allows the disc to land and be skipped off hard surfaces without damaging the disc. A flexible tube within the disc provides a spring type action for maintaining the shape of the disc or for returning the disc to its original shape when the disc is folded or pulled out of shape. When the disc is tossed, it has a circular dome which inflates upwardly providing an air foil effect, while a lower edge, wrapped around the tube defines a toroid which provides a gyroscopic effect lending stability to the flight as the disk spins through the air. The dome includes a leading edge and a trailing edge, and the circular edge of the dome is offset from the leading and trailing edge of the disc, thereby reducing the laminar flow across the upper convex surface of the disc and in turn reducing drag thereon for longer flight.
Method And Apparatus That Use The Spectral Reflectance Characteristics Of A Reflector Matrix, Or Other Spectral Filters, To Limit Available Broad Spectrum Electromagnetic Energy, Reflected Toward A Patient Target, To Specific Infrared Bandwidths, To Increase The Effectiveness, Comfort And/Or Duration Of Thermotherapy
Reflected thermotherapy is a superior way to use ambient and available transmitted electromagnetic energy to treat a broad variety of illnesses. Warm blooded animals transmit a large amount of electromagnetic energy that can be reflected for thermotherapy. Using reflected electromagnetic energy from existing sources eliminates the need for a power supply, infrared lights, and cords. The problem is that in our modern energized world broad spectrum ambient and available transmitted electromagnetic energy from source may be contaminated with extra bandwidths of the full electromagnetic spectrum. This broad-spectrum energy when reflected onto a patient target can make the patient feel uncomfortably warm and produce undesirable effects. A variety of reflector coatings are available that can limit the spectra reflected back to a target from a broad spectra source. Gold finishes or tailored ceramic finishes are examples of spectral limiting coatings. When a gold reflector matrix is used, the spectral reflectance characteristics of gold limits the reflected energy to the infrared bandwidths. This reduces the hyperthermic discomfort of the patient target and allows the patient target to be treated with desired therapeutic infrared bandwidths for a much longer period of time. The gold reflector matrix can be attached to a fabric substrate. Once attached the substrate fabric, the resulting composite can be used to make a variety of apparatus. Blankets, beds, pads, athletic braces, and medicinal devices can all be lined with the gold composite fabric to achieve the desired therapeutic effect