An apparatus for detection and measurement of trace species in a gas or liquid sample. A sensor of a ring down cell formed from an optical fiber is exposed to the sample gas or liquid. A coherent source emits radiation into the optical fiber loop, which in turn is received at an output coupler. The fiber optic ring is coupled to a sensor which has a portion thereof, between the input and output, exposed to the sample gas or sample liquid. The sensor has an enhanced evanescent region. A processor is coupled to the receiver and determines the level of trace species in the gas or liquid sample based on the rate of decay of the radiation within the fiber optic ring.
Cavity Ring-Down Detection Of Surface Plasmon Resonance In An Optical Fiber Resonator
An apparatus and method for use with a coherent optical source to detect environmental changes. The apparatus comprises: an optical cavity, including an input coupling port, and an optical fiber section; a detector optically coupled to the optical cavity to monitor radiation in the optical cavity; and a processor electrically coupled to the detector for analyzing the environmental changes adjacent the detection portion of the optical cavity based on a rate of decay of the radiation in the optical cavity monitored by the detector. The optical fiber section of the optical cavity includes a detection portion coated with a conductive layer capable of supporting a surface plasmon to provide cavity loss. The surface plasmon is responsive to the environmental changes adjacent the detection portion. The coherent optical source is optically coupled to the input coupling port of the optical cavity to provide the radiation in the optical cavity.
Apparatus For Enhanced Evanescent Field Exposure In An Optical Fiber Resonator For Spectroscopic Detection And Measurement Of Trace Species
Kevin K. Lehmann - Lawrenceville NJ, US Peter B. Tarsa - Duxbury MA, US Paul Rabinowitz - Bridgewater NJ, US
Assignee:
Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ
International Classification:
G01N 33/00
US Classification:
422 681, 422 8205, 422 8206, 422 93
Abstract:
An apparatus for detection and measurement of trace species in a gas or liquid sample. A sensor of a ring down cell formed from an optical fiber is exposed to the sample gas or liquid. A coherent source emits radiation into the optical fiber loop, which in turn is received at an output coupler. The fiber optic ring is coupled to a sensor which has a portion thereof, between the input and output, exposed to the sample gas or sample liquid. The sensor has an enhanced evanescent region. A processor is coupled to the receiver and determines the level of trace species in the gas or liquid sample based on the rate of decay of the radiation within the fiber optic ring.
Method For Enhanced Evanescent Field Exposure In An Optical Fiber Resonator For Spectroscopic Detection And Measurement Of Trace Species
Kevin K. Lehmann - Lawrenceville NJ, US Peter B. Tarsa - Duxbury MA, US Paul Rabinowitz - Bridgewater NJ, US
Assignee:
Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ
International Classification:
G01N /33
US Classification:
436164, 422 681, 422 8205, 422 8206, 422 8211
Abstract:
A method for detection and measurement of trace species in a gas or liquid sample is provided. The method comprises forming a sensor from an optical fiber by tapering a portion the optical fiber along a length thereof, exposing the tapered portion of the optic fiber to the sample gas or sample liquid, emitting radiation from a coherent source, coupling at least a portion of the radiation emitted from the coherent source into the fiber optic ring, receiving a portion of the radiation traveling in the fiber optic ring, and determining the level of trace species in the gas or liquid sample based on a rate of decay of the radiation within the fiber optic ring.
Fiber-Optic Based Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Apparatus
Kevin Lehmann - Lawrence NJ, US Peter Tarsa - Duxbury MA, US Paul Rabinowitz - Bridgewater NJ, US
International Classification:
G01N021/61
US Classification:
356/437000
Abstract:
An apparatus for detection and measurement of trace species in a gas or liquid sample. A ring down cell formed from a fiber optic ring is exposed to the sample gas or liquid. A coherent source emits radiation into the fiber optic ring, which in turn is received at an output thereof. The fiber optic ring has a portion thereof, between the input and output, exposed to the sample gas or sample liquid. A processor is coupled to the receiver and determines the level of trace species in the gas or liquid sample based on the rate of decay of the radiation within the fiber optic ring.
Tapered Fiber Optic Strain Gauge Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
Kevin Lehmann - Lawrence NJ, US Peter Tarsa - Duxbury MA, US Paul Rabinowitz - Bridgewater NJ, US
International Classification:
G01J001/04 G01J001/42
US Classification:
250/227140
Abstract:
An apparatus for measurement of strain in a material. The apparatus comprises a passive fiber optic ring; at least one sensor having a predetermined shape and in line with the fiber optic ring, the at least one sensor coupled to the substrate; coupling means for i) introducing a portion of radiation emitted by the coherent source to the passive fiber optic ring and ii) receiving a portion of the radiation resonant in the passive fiber optic ring; a detector for detecting a level of the radiation received by the coupling means and generating a signal responsive thereto; and a processor coupled to the detector for determining a level of the strain inducing into the substrate based on a rate of decay of the signal generated by the detector.
Combination Treatment Of Liver Diseases Using Integrin Inhibitors
- Basel, CH - South San Francisco, US Avirup BOSE - Marlborough MA, US Jacob CHA - South San Francisco CA, US Nicole COOPER - Oakland CA, US Darren FINKELSTEIN - South San Francisco CA, US Linda GREENBAUM - Florham Park NJ, US Johannes HULL - San Francisco CA, US Susan Caroline KIRKLAND - Surrey, GB Katerina LEFTHERIS - San Mateo CA, US Maureen REILLY - Burlingame CA, US Peter TARSA - Marshfield MA, US Chinweike UKOMADU - Chestnut Hill MA, US
The invention provides a pharmaceutical combination including an αvβintegrin inhibitor and at least one additional therapeutic agent for preventing, delaying or treating liver diseases or disorders. The additional therapeutic agent may be an SGLT1/2 inhibitor, among a diverse selection of agents. For example, the pharmaceutical combination includes (S)-2-(4-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamido)-9-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl) nonanoic acid (Compound 1) and at least one additional therapeutic agent.
Combination Treatment Of Liver Diseases Using Integrin Inhibitors
- Basel, CH - South San Francisco CA, US Avirup BOSE - Marlborough MA, US Jacob CHA - South San Francisco CA, US Nicole COOPER - Oakland CA, US Darren FINKELSTEIN - South San Francisco CA, US Linda GREENBAUM - Florham Park NJ, US Johannes HULL - San Francisco CA, US Susan Caroline KIRKLAND - Surrey, GB Katerina LEFTHERIS - San Mateo CA, US Maureen REILLY - Burlingame CA, US Peter TARSA - Marshfield MA, US Chinweike UKOMADU - Chestnut Hill MA, US
International Classification:
A61K 31/46 A61K 31/4353 A61P 1/16
Abstract:
The invention provides a pharmaceutical combination including an αvβ1 integrin inhibitor and at least one additional therapeutic agent for preventing, delaying or treating liver diseases or disorders. The at least one additional therapeutic agent may be a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist. For example, the pharmaceutical combination includes (S)-2-(4-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamido)-9-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)nonanoic acid (Compound 1) and 2-[3-({5-cyclopropyl-3-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1,2-oxazol-4-yl}methoxy)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]-4-fluoro-1, 3-ben-zothiazole-6-carboxylic acid (tropifexor).
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