A solution useful for forming a solid that supports mass transfer includes carbon nanotubes and a solvent. Solids formed using the solution thereby have carbon nanotubes dispersed therein that are useful for communicating gas and/or electric charges within the solid. Catalyst layers of the invention that include carbon nanotubes can provide high levels of efficiency while requiring low catalyst concentrations.
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Cynthia A. Rice - Newington CT, US Piotr Waszczuk - White Bear Lake MN, US Andrzej Wieckowski - Champaign IL, US
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 8/10 H01M 4/90 H01M 4/92
US Classification:
429 30, 429 15, 429 33, 429 34, 429 44, 429 46
Abstract:
A direct organic fuel cell includes a formic acid fuel solution having between about 10% and about 95% formic acid. The formic acid is oxidized at an anode. The anode may include a Pt/Pd catalyst that promotes the direct oxidation of the formic acid via a direct reaction path that does not include formation of a CO intermediate.
Organic Fuel Cells And Fuel Cell Conducting Sheets
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Su Ha - Champaign IL, US Brian Adams - Savoy IL, US
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 8/00 H01M 2/00 H01M 2/14
US Classification:
429 12, 429 34, 429 38
Abstract:
A passive direct organic fuel cell includes an organic fuel solution and is operative to produce at least 15 mW/cmwhen operating at room temperature. In additional aspects of the invention, fuel cells can include a gas remover configured to promote circulation of an organic fuel solution when gas passes through the solution, a modified carbon cloth, one or more sealants, and a replaceable fuel cartridge.
Liquid Feed Fuel Cell With Nested Sealing Configuration
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Gregory Mozsgai - Vancouver, CA
Assignee:
Tekion, Inc. - Burnaby, BC
International Classification:
H01M 8/10
US Classification:
429 30, 429 35, 429 33, 429 44
Abstract:
A direct formic acid fuel cell includes a cathode current collector having a perpendicularly extending edge that is capable of cooperating with the perpendicularly extending edge of an anode current collector to effect a press fit. The configuration seals fluids disposed within the volume formed between the current collectors.
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Cynthia A. York - Newington CT, US Piotr Waszczuk - White Bear Lake MN, US Andrzej Wieckowski - Champaign IL, US
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 8/10 H01M 6/36 H01M 8/14 H01M 8/08
US Classification:
429 30, 429 12, 429 33, 429 46
Abstract:
A membrane electrode assembly for use with a direct organic fuel cell containing a formic acid fuel includes a solid polymer electrolyte having first and second surfaces, an anode on the first surface and a cathode on the second surface and electrically linked to the anode. The solid polymer electrolyte has a thickness t:.
Low Contaminant Formic Acid Fuel For Direct Liquid Fuel Cell
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Yimin Zhu - Urbana IL, US Zakia Kahn - Palatine IL, US Malcolm Man - Vancouver, CA
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 8/00 C06B 33/00 C10L 1/30
US Classification:
429 12, 44251, 44358
Abstract:
A low contaminant formic acid fuel is especially suited toward use in a direct organic liquid fuel cell. A fuel of the invention provides high power output that is maintained for a substantial time and the fuel is substantially non-flammable. Specific contaminants and contaminant levels have been identified as being deleterious to the performance of a formic acid fuel in a fuel cell, and embodiments of the invention provide low contaminant fuels that have improved performance compared to known commercial bulk grade and commercial purified grade formic acid fuels. Preferred embodiment fuels (and fuel cells containing such fuels) including low levels of a combination of key contaminants, including acetic acid, methyl formate, and methanol.
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Robert Larsen - Urbana IL, US Su Yun Ha - Pullman WA, US
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 4/92
US Classification:
429 40
Abstract:
An exemplary fuel cell of the invention includes a formic acid fuel solution in communication with an anode (), an oxidizer in communication with a cathode () electrically linked to the anode, and an anode catalyst that includes Pd. An exemplary formic acid fuel cell membrane electrode assembly () includes a proton-conducting membrane () having opposing first () and second surfaces (), a cathode catalyst on the second membrane surface, and an anode catalyst including Pd on the first surface.
Palladium-Based Electrocatalysts And Fuel Cells Employing Such Electrocatalysts
Richard I. Masel - Champaign IL, US Yimin Zhu - Urbana IL, US Robert T. Larsen - Champaign IL, US
Assignee:
The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois - Urbana IL
International Classification:
H01M 8/10
US Classification:
429 40
Abstract:
A direct organic fuel cell includes a fluid fuel comprising formic acid, an anode having an electrocatalyst comprising palladium nanoparticles, a fluid oxidant, a cathode electrically connected to the anode, and an electrolyte interposed between the anode and the cathode.