Robert L Clarke

US Patent:

6986966, Jan 17, 2006

Filed:

Apr 17, 2003

Appl. No.:

10/418678

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian J. Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Shawnigan CA, US
J. Peter Millington - Weaverham, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - Fremont CA, US

Assignee:

Plurion Systems, Inc. - Reno NV

International Classification:

H01M 6/48

US Classification:

429210, 429344, 429225, 429224, 4292181, 4292315, 429229, 429105, 429347

Abstract:

A battery comprises an acid electrolyte in which a compound provides acidity to the electrolyte and further increases solubility of at least one metal in the redox pair. Especially preferred compounds include alkyl sulfonic acids and alkyl phosphonic acids, and particularly preferred redox coupled include Co/Zn, Mn/Zn, Ce/V, Ce/Ti, Ce/Zn, and Pb/Pb.

US Patent:

7033696, Apr 25, 2006

Filed:

Feb 12, 2003

Appl. No.:

10/366118

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian J. Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Shawinigan, CA
J. Peter Millington - Chesire, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - Fremont CA, US
Bernd Busse - Darmstadt, DE

Assignee:

Plurion Systems, Inc. - Reno NV

International Classification:

H01M 6/48
H01M 4/36
H01M 4/62
H01M 6/04

US Classification:

429210, 429105, 429232, 429347

Abstract:

An electric device has a plurality of cells in which in an acid electrolyte a lanthanide and zinc form a redox couple that provide a current, and in which at least two of the cells are separated by a bipolar electrode that comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.

US Patent:

7214443, May 8, 2007

Filed:

Feb 12, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/484581

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Benicia CA, US
Peter J. Millington - Weaverham, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - Fremont CA, US

Assignee:

Plurion Limited - Glasgow

International Classification:

H01M 4/36

US Classification:

429101, 429105

Abstract:

A battery () comprises a cell having a cathode compartment () that includes an element that is oxidized during charging of the battery (), wherein the oxidized element forms a salt with an acid and thereby increases the H+ concentration in the cathode compartment () sufficient to promote an H+ flux into the anode compartment () across the separator (), wherein the H+ flux across the separator () is sufficient to disintegrate a zinc dendrite proximal to the separator ().

US Patent:

7252905, Aug 7, 2007

Filed:

Feb 12, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/483952

Inventors:

Robert Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Benicia CA, US
J. Peter Millington - Chesire, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - San Diego CA, US

Assignee:

Plurion Limited - Glasgow

International Classification:

H01M 4/36

US Classification:

429105, 429204, 4292181, 429229

Abstract:

A battery () comprises an electrolyte in which a lanthanide and zinc form a redox pair. Preferred electrolytes are acid electrolytes, and most preferably comprise methane sulfonic acid, and it is further contemplated that suitable electrolytes may include at least two lanthanides. Contemplated lanthanides include cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and dysprosium, and further contemplate lanthanides are samarium, europium, thulium and ytterbium.

US Patent:

7270911, Sep 18, 2007

Filed:

Aug 10, 2001

Appl. No.:

10/483951

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Benicia CA, US
Peter J. Millington - Weaverham, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - Fremont CA, US

Assignee:

Plurion Limited - Glasgow

International Classification:

H01M 4/36

US Classification:

429105, 429204, 4292181, 429229

Abstract:

A load leveling battery () comprising an electrolyte that includes a cerium zinc redox pair wherein preferred electrolytes are acid electrolytes, and most preferably comprise methane sulfonic acid. Contemplated load leveling batteries () have an open circuit voltage of at least 2. 4 Volt per cell. Such batteries are useful at power grid substations () and commercial and industrial applications were large amounts of power are used. Preferred capacity is at least 100,000 kWh, more preferably 250,000 kWh.

US Patent:

7297437, Nov 20, 2007

Filed:

Feb 12, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/483953

Inventors:

Robert Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Brian Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Benicia CA, US
J. Peter Millington - Chesire, GB
Samaresh Mohanta - San Diego CA, US

Assignee:

Plurion Limited - Glasgow

International Classification:

H01M 4/36

US Classification:

429105, 4292181, 429229

Abstract:

An electric device comprises a gelled acid electrolyte (A) in complex with a lanthanide that forms a redox pair with a second element. Preferred electric devices include batteries and especially primary batteries, while preferred acid electrolytes (A) have a sulfonic acid group. Contemplated lanthanides especially include cerium, and preferred second elements particularly include zinc. Alternatively, contemplated electric devices may comprise a gelled electrolyte (A) in which with a lanthanide forms a redox pair with zinc.

US Patent:

7393466, Jul 1, 2008

Filed:

Jun 25, 2002

Appl. No.:

10/480163

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Dean Butler - Adelaide, AU

Assignee:

Applied Intellecutal Capital, Inc. - Alameda CA

International Classification:

C01D 23/00

US Classification:

25218233, 25218235, 252179, 252184, 423DIG 14, 423364, 423365, 423608, 423609, 502 11, 502400, 210683, 210684, 210904

Abstract:

A metal hydroxide complex has a formula Me(OH)4*A*nH2O or MeO2*A*nH2O. Preferred complexes are formed in an alkaline medium, and particularly especially preferred anions include cyanide and cyanide gold complexes. Contemplated complexes are formed on a metal hydroxide (e. g. , hydrated zirconium, hafnium, and titanium hydroxide), which may be disposed in a porous container. Consequently, contemplated compounds may be used in methods of reducing the concentration of an anion in an alkaline medium.

US Patent:

7399725, Jul 15, 2008

Filed:

Apr 20, 2005

Appl. No.:

11/111085

Inventors:

Robert Lewis Clarke - Orinda CA, US
Stephen Harrison - Benicia CA, US
Brian J. Dougherty - Menlo Park CA, US

Assignee:

Applied Intellectual Capital - Alameda CA

International Classification:

B01J 20/34
B01J 38/62
B01J 38/60

US Classification:

502 28, 502 27

Abstract:

Perchlorate is removed and effectively destroyed in devices and methods that employ a eluting solvent in which the anion of an acid solubilizes Ti (III), which may be electrochemically generated or added in situ. Using such solvents, destruction of perchlorate is unexpectedly and several orders of magnitude faster than using solvents without solubilizing acids. In most preferred aspects, the solubilizing acid is methane sulfonic acid and/or sulfamic acid, and Ti (III) is electrochemically generated. Perchlorate destruction will then result in formation of Ti (IV), which may be present in the eluent in a subsequent elution.