A mandrel system for a can coating or decorating machine or the like comprising a ceramic sleeve member for supporting a workpiece and a sleeve support core member for supporting the ceramic sleeve member and at least two axially spaced bearing units supported by the sleeve support core member and/or the support core member.
A semiconductor wafer polishing machine and method are described in which a motor driven rotating spindle is coupled to the wafer carrier by a flexible coupling element. The carrier is releasably attached to a load transfer plate by a vacuum pressure chamber to enable removal of the carrier for loading and unloading of wafers prior to and after polishing. The motor and spindle together with the load transfer plate and carrier are moved between and raised rest position and a lowered polish position by a positioning cylinder. A load pressure bellows applies a polishing load force to the load transfer plate through an air lubricated thrust bearing to urge the wafers on the carrier against a rotating polishing table for polishing the wafers. The air bearing isolates the load force of the bellows from the rotational force of the spindle and allows sliding movement of the load plate relative to the bellows. The carrier, load transfer plate and the polishing table may all be made of rigid foam material, such as metal or ceramic, in order to reduce the mass and weight of these elements while providing them with a strong rigid construction.
Cyclone Separator Having Abrasion Resistant Cone Covered By A Plastic Sleeve With Flexible Seal Regions
Cyclone separator apparatus and method of manufacture are described for providing a separator cone of abrasion resistant material covered by a sleeve of plastic material having flexible seal regions at least some of which are spaced from the outer surface of the cone. The cover sleeve of plastic is bonded to the cone of abrasion resistant material which is preferably made of aluminum oxide ceramic material, by heating the cone to a temperature above the melting temperature of the plastic, inserting the heated cone into the sleeve to melt the inner surface of the sleeve and cooling the assembly below such melting temperature to bond the sleeve to the cone. The sleeve may be made of polyethylene or other suitable thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic materials and the cleaner cone can be made of ceramic material, metal or other suitable abrasion resistant materials of high melting temperature than the plastic sleeve. As a result of the flexible seal regions formed by circular ridge projections on the outer surface of the plastic sleeve, the cyclone cleaner cone can be inserted through three mounting apertures in the walls of pressure chambers and sealed to wall flanges surrounding the apertures even though such apertures are not in exact alignment and the cleaner cone is not exactly symmetrical.
Drainage Foil Apparatus With Individually Replaceable Ceramic Segments
A drainage foil apparatus for removing liquid from material carried across the foil by a moving foraminous conveyor such as the wood pulp stock in a paper making machine, is described. The drainage foil apparatus includes a foil having at least a nose portion of ceramic material formed by laterally spaced ceramic segments. The segments are mounted on a support means enabling individual replacement of such segments when they become damaged or worn. The support means includes a mounting member of metal which extends into a slot in a lower surface portion of the ceramic segment and is bonded thereto by a bonding material provided within the slot. For easy replacement of the ceramic segments, the mounting member and slot are shaped to enable each segment to be inserted and removed from such mounting member without moving other segments. In one embodiment, the ceramic nose portion is separate from the rear portion of the foil, such rear portion being made of a different material such as a synthetic plastic. In another embodiment, both the nose portion and the rear portion of the foil are made integral with the same ceramic member.
A semiconductor wafer polishing machine and method are described in which a motor driven rotating spindle is coupled to the wafer carrier by a flexible coupling element. The carrier is releasably attached to a load transfer plate by a vacuum pressure chamber to enable removal of the carrier for loading and unloading of wafers prior to and after polishing. The motor and spindle together with the load transfer plate and carrier are moved between and raised rest position and a lowered polish position by a positioning cylinder. A load pressure bellows applies a polishing load force to the load transfer plate through an air lubricated thrust bearing to urge the wafers on the carrier against a rotating polishing table for polishing the wafers. The air bearing isolates the load force of the bellows from the rotational force of the spindle and allows sliding movement of the load plate relative to the bellows. The carrier, load transfer plate and the polishing table may all be made of rigid foam material, such as metal or ceramic, in order to reduce the mass and weight of these elements while providing them with a strong rigid construction.
An unengraved metering roll made of porous ceramic material is described for depositing measured amounts of liquid as a coating on a substrate such as a metal can. The coating liquid is contained within the pores of the ceramic roll and deposited upon the object or a transfer roll without the use of metering cells which are ordinarily provided by engraving a pattern on the outer surface of the roll. The pores are of a substantially uniform size and are distributed substantially uniformly throughout the ceramic roll. The metering roll of porous ceramic material may be more easily resurfaced merely by grinding in a conventional manner to remove the original outer surface and replacing it with a new outer surface having pores which open to such outer surface for receipt of the coating liquid. The size of the pores and the amount of such pores in the ceramic body are controlled by mixing organic filler particles with the ceramic base material before firing so that such organic particles are burned out during heating of the molded roll body prior to sintering of the ceramic particles to form the porous ceramic roll. In this manner, the size and distribution of the particles can be controlled to match the characteristics of the coating liquid for which the roll is to be used.
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