A fly ash composition is provided which includes a blend of Class C fly ash, potassium carbonate, and lithium carbonate, which, in combination, reduce alkali silica reactivity when the fly ash composition is used in concrete applications. The fly ash composition includes from about 65 to 99 wt % Class C fly ash, from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 4 wt % potassium carbonate, and from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % lithium carbonate.
A masonry cement composition is provided which contains a blend of fly ash, Portland cement, a retarding agent, and an air entrainment agent. The masonry cement composition may be formed into a mortar having a high air content which exhibits good compressive strength and does not exhibit efflorescence.
Leach-Resistant Solid Bodies From Fly Ash And Heavy Metal Sludge
Solid, leach-resistant bodies are formed from aqueous heavy metal sludge and fly ash formed in the combustion of subbituminous coal from the Power River Basin by slurrying the sludge with an amount of fly ash equivalent to between about 20 wt. % and about 70 wt. % based on the weight of the slurry, wherein the initial liquid content of the slurry is such that the slurry will harden into a body having a 7-day compressive strength of at least about 250 psi, and allowing the slurry to harden.
Method And Apparatus For Reducing Carbon Content In Fly Ash
Jerry L. Heavilon - Mariett GA Clinton W. Pike - Newman GA David R. Savage - Alpharetta GA Robert W. Styron - Marietta GA
Assignee:
JTM Industries, Inc. - Kennesaw GA
International Classification:
B03B 900
US Classification:
209 2
Abstract:
A method of treating fly ash which has a moisture content and which also has a high carbon particle content includes the steps of heating the fly ash to a temperature sufficient to break the bond between the fly ash and the carbon particles caused by the moisture content, applying the heated fly ash in a relatively thin layer to the surface of a belt-type conveyor and subjecting the layer of heated fly ash to the effects of an electrostatic charging zone while repeatedly mechanically rearranging the orientation of the fly ash particles in the zone for causing the carbon particles to take a charge and become attracted to an electrode so that the same may be separated from the layer. Apparatus for separating carbon particles from fly ash includes a generally horizontal conveyor, and a hopper which applies fly ash to be treated in a layer on the surface of a conductive belt. The belt carries the fly ash layer through an elongated electrostatic charging zone, and beaters beneath the belt impart a vibration to the belt for causing the fly ash layer to be in a state of agitation.
Robert William Styron - Marietta GA Kamal Seyi Abiodun - College Park GA
Assignee:
Mineral Resource Technologies, LLC - Atlanta GA
International Classification:
B32B 516 B03B 102 C04B 1404 C09C 128
US Classification:
428402
Abstract:
A method for producing a mineral filler from fly ash is provided in which fly ash is dry processed in an air classifier to obtain a fine fraction having an average particle size of from about 0. 1 to 5 microns. The fine fraction is then preferably passed through a magnetic separator to remove ferrous iron oxides and may optionally be treated with a surface modifier. The resulting processed fly ash may be used in a wide variety of filler applications.
A cementitious mixture includes hydraulic cement, fly ash, and an effective amount of unfired nature finely divided material, such as a clay, containing at least about 35% alumina, to accelerate the early strength of a mix. A method of accelerating early strength in a cementitious mix comprises the adding of alumina in the form of an unfired raw material, such as clay, in an effective amount in such mix.
The present invention is directed to processes for making blended hydraulic cement compositions. In one embodiment, the process includes the steps of: providing from about 85 wt. % to about 99. 7 wt. % of the total composition of a subbituminous fly ash; separating out about a 10% portion of the fly ash; adding from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 7 wt. % of the total composition of a retarding agent, from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of citric acid, and from about 0. 1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of potassium carbonate to the 10% portion; and blending the remainder of the ash with the 10% portion to create a blended hydraulic cement composition.
Method And Apparatus For Reducing Carbon Content In Particulate Mixtures
Robert D. Nelson - Kennesaw GA Jerry L. Heavilon - Marietta GA Robert W. Styron - Marietta GA Bill G. Fletcher - Marietta GA
Assignee:
JTM Industries, Inc. - Kennesaw GA
International Classification:
B03B 900
US Classification:
209 2
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for reducing the carbon content of fly ash are disclosed. The fly ash is subjected to an inclined surface having first and second vibratory sources for respectively moving the fly ash from the elevated end of the incline to the lower end and to disaggregate and stratify a high carbon fraction from an enhanced fly ash fraction. The second vibratory source, in combination with the inclined surface, separates the lighter, high carbon fraction while the heavier enhanced fly ash fraction travels toward the lower end of the incline. An air jet and associated vacuum draft pull the high carbon fraction from the incline, leaving the enhanced fly ash portion for use, after removal from the surface, as an example, as acceptable mineral admixture for use in Portland Cement concrete.