Shankar S Kumar

US Patent:

7255846, Aug 14, 2007

Filed:

May 3, 2005

Appl. No.:

11/120725

Inventors:

Zhifeng Ren - Newton MA, US
Gang Chen - Carlisle MA, US
Bed Poudel - Watertown MA, US
Shankar Kumar - Watertown MA, US
Wenzhong Wang - Newton MA, US
Mildred Dresselhaus - Arlington MA, US

Assignee:

Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Cambridge MA
The Trustees of Boston College - Chestnut Hill MA

International Classification:

C01B 19/04
C01G 19/02
H01L 21/02
H01L 35/34

US Classification:

423508, 423509, 4235611, 423618, 977773, 977775, 977813, 977814, 252 623 T, 252 623 BT

Abstract:

The present invention provides methods for synthesis of IV–VI nanostructures, and thermoelectric compositions formed of such structures. In one aspect, the method includes forming a solution of a Group IV reagent, a Group VI reagent and a surfactant. A reducing agent can be added to the solution, and the resultant solution can be maintained at an elevated temperature, e. g. , in a range of about 20 C. to about 360 C. , for a duration sufficient for generating nanoparticles as binary alloys of the IV–VI elements.

US Patent:

7586033, Sep 8, 2009

Filed:

May 3, 2005

Appl. No.:

11/120729

Inventors:

Zhifeng Ren - Newton MA, US
Gang Chen - Carlisle MA, US
Bed Poudel - West Newton MA, US
Shankar Kumar - Newton MA, US
Wenzhong Wang - Beijing, CN
Mildred Dresselhaus - Arlington MA, US

Assignee:

Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Cambridge MA
The Trustees of Boston College - Chestnut Hill MA

International Classification:

C01B 25/14
C01B 19/00
H01L 35/16
H01L 35/22
H01L 35/14

US Classification:

136239, 136201, 136238, 1362361, 977813, 423508

Abstract:

The present invention generally relates to binary or higher order semiconductor nanoparticles doped with a metallic element, and thermoelectric compositions incorporating such nanoparticles. In one aspect, the present invention provides a thermoelectric composition comprising a plurality of nanoparticles each of which includes an alloy matrix formed of a Group IV element and Group VI element and a metallic dopant distributed within the matrix.

US Patent:

7591913, Sep 22, 2009

Filed:

Apr 6, 2005

Appl. No.:

11/100950

Inventors:

Zhifeng Ren - Newton MA, US
Gang Chen - Carlisle MA, US
Shankar Kumar - Watertown MA, US
Hohyun Lee - Cambridge MA, US

Assignee:

Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Cambridge MA
The Trustees of Boston College - Chestnut Hill MA

International Classification:

C22C 1/00
H01L 21/00

US Classification:

148512, 438 54, 438 48

Abstract:

The present invention generally provides methods of improving thermoelectric properties of alloys by subjecting them to one or more high temperature annealing steps, performed at temperatures at which the alloys exhibit a mixed solid/liquid phase, followed by cooling steps. For example, in one aspect, such a method of the invention can include subjecting an alloy sample to a temperature that is sufficiently elevated to cause partial melting of at least some of the grains. The sample can then be cooled so as to solidify the melted grain portions such that each solidified grain portion exhibits an average chemical composition, characterized by a relative concentration of elements forming the alloy, that is different than that of the remainder of the grain.

US Patent:

7700739, Apr 20, 2010

Filed:

Jun 29, 2006

Appl. No.:

11/478096

Inventors:

Susan E. Lacy - Shrewsbury MA, US
Emma Fung - Shrewsbury MA, US
Jonathan P. Belk - Sterling MA, US
Richard W. Dixon - Jefferson MA, US
Michael Roguska - Ashland MA, US
Paul R. Hinton - Sunnyvale CA, US
Shankar Kumar - Pleasanton CA, US

Assignee:

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

International Classification:

C07K 16/00

US Classification:

5303871, 4241301

Abstract:

The present invention encompasses IL-12p40 binding proteins, particularly antibodies that bind human interleukin-12 (hIL-12) and/or human IL-23 (hIL-23). Specifically, the invention relates to antibodies that are chimeric, CDR grafted and humanized antibodies. Preferred antibodies have high affinity for hIL-12 and/or hIL-23 and neutralize h IL-12 and/or hIL-23 activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Method of making and method of using the antibodies of the invention are also provided. The antibodies, or antibody portions, of the invention are useful for detecting hIL-12 and/or hIL-23 and for inhibiting hIL-12 and/or hIL-23 activity, e. g. , in a human subject suffering from a disorder in which hIL-12 and/or hIL-23 activity is detrimental.

US Patent:

7915388, Mar 29, 2011

Filed:

Sep 7, 2007

Appl. No.:

11/899819

Inventors:

Chengbin Wu - Shrewsbury MA, US
Richard W. Dixon - Jefferson MA, US
Jonathan P. Belk - Sterling MA, US
Maria A. Argiriadi - Wayland MA, US
Hua Ying - Holden MA, US
Carolyn A. Cuff - Grafton MA, US
Terry L. Melim - Derry NH, US
Shankar Kumar - Pleasanton CA, US
Paul R. Hinton - Sunnyvale CA, US
Yan Chen - Fremont CA, US

Assignee:

Abbott Laboratories - Abbott Park IL

International Classification:

C12P 21/08

US Classification:

5303879, 4241331

Abstract:

The present invention encompasses IL-13 binding proteins. Specifically, the invention relates to antibodies that are chimeric, CDR grafted and humanized antibodies. Preferred antibodies have high affinity for hIL-13 and neutralize hIL-13 activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Method of making and method of using the antibodies of the invention are also provided. The antibodies, or antibody portions, of the invention are useful for detecting hIL-13 and for inhibiting hIL-13 activity, e. g. , in a human subject suffering from a disorder in which hIL-13 activity is detrimental.

US Patent:

8401836, Mar 19, 2013

Filed:

Jun 20, 2012

Appl. No.:

13/528426

Inventors:

Shankar Kumar - New York NY, US
Wolfgang Macherey - Mountain View CA, US
Christopher James Dyer - College Park MD, US
Franz Josef Och - Palo Alto CA, US

Assignee:

Google Inc. - Mountain View CA

International Classification:

G06F 17/28

US Classification:

704 2, 704 5, 704 7

Abstract:

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for language translation are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes accessing a translation hypergraph that represents a plurality of candidate translations, the translation hypergraph including a plurality of paths including nodes connected by edges; calculating first posterior probabilities for each edge in the translation hypergraph; calculating second posterior probabilities for each n-gram represented in the translation hypergraph based on the first posterior probabilities; and performing decoding on the translation hypergraph using the second posterior probabilities to convert a sample text from a first language to a second language.

US Patent:

8604177, Dec 10, 2013

Filed:

Mar 8, 2011

Appl. No.:

13/043293

Inventors:

Chengbin Wu - Shrewsbury MA, US
Richard W. Dixon - Jefferson MA, US
Jonathan P. Belk - Sterling MA, US
Maria A. Argiriadi - Wayland MA, US
Hua Ying - Holden MA, US
Carolyn A. Cuff - Grafton MA, US
Terry L. Melim - Derry NH, US
Shankar Kumar - Pleasanton CA, US
Paul R. Hinton - Sunnyvale CA, US
Yan Chen - Fremont CA, US

Assignee:

AbbVie Inc. - North Chicago IL

International Classification:

C07H 21/04

US Classification:

536 2353, 435325

Abstract:

The present invention encompasses IL-13 binding proteins. Specifically, the invention relates to antibodies that are chimeric, CDR grafted and humanized antibodies. Preferred antibodies have high affinity for hIL-13 and neutralize hIL-13 activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Method of making and method of using the antibodies of the invention are also provided. The antibodies, or antibody portions, of the invention are useful for detecting hIL-13 and for inhibiting hIL-13 activity, e. g. , in a human subject suffering from a disorder in which hIL-13 activity is detrimental.

US Patent:

8626488, Jan 7, 2014

Filed:

Apr 6, 2012

Appl. No.:

13/441417

Inventors:

Shankar Kumar - New York NY, US
Franz Josef Och - Palo Alto CA, US
Wolfgang Macherey - Mountain View CA, US

Assignee:

Google Inc - Mountain View CA

International Classification:

G06F 17/20

US Classification:

704 4, 704 7, 704 8, 704 9, 704 10

Abstract:

Systems, methods, and computer program products are provided for statistical machine translation. In some implementations a method is provided. The method includes receiving multi-lingual parallel text associating a source language, a target language, and one or more bridge languages, determining an alignment between the source language and the target language using a first bridge language that is distinct from the source language and the target language, and using the determined alignment to generate a candidate translation of an input text in the source language to the target language.