Stephen R Forrest

US Patent:

6337102, Jan 8, 2002

Filed:

Nov 17, 1997

Appl. No.:

08/972156

Inventors:

Stephen R. Forrest - Princeton NJ
Paul E. Burrows - Princeton Junction NJ
Vladimir S. Ban - Princeton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

C23C 1406

US Classification:

427 64, 427 66, 42725523, 4272556

Abstract:

Methods for preparing organic thin films on substrates, the method comprising the steps of providing a plurality of organic precursors in the vapor phase, and reacting the plurality or organic precursors at a sub-atmospheric pressure. Also included are thin films made by such a method and apparatuses used to conduct such a method. The method is well-suited to the formation of organic light emitting devices and other display-related technologies.

US Patent:

6352777, Mar 5, 2002

Filed:

Aug 19, 1998

Appl. No.:

09/136342

Inventors:

Vladimir Bulovic - Metuchen NJ
Stephen R. Forrest - Princeton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

H01L 310256

US Classification:

4284111, 428913, 313523, 257184, 257461, 250200, 136263

Abstract:

An organic photosensitive optoelectronic device optimized to enhance desired characteristics such as external quantum efficiency is described. The photosensitive optoelectronic device has at least two transparent electrodes and one or more organic photoconductive layers disposed between the transparent electrodes. In other embodiments photosensitive optoelectronic devices with multilayer photoconductive structures and photosensitive optoelectronic devices with a reflective layer are disclosed.

US Patent:

6358631, Mar 19, 2002

Filed:

Aug 6, 1996

Appl. No.:

08/693359

Inventors:

Stephen Ross Forrest - Princeton NJ
Mark Edward Thompson - Anaheim Hills CA
Paul Edward Burrows - Princeton NJ
Dennis Matthew McCarty - Southampton NJ
Linda Susan Sapochak - Las Vegas NV
Jon Andrew Cronin - Cordova TN

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

B32B 1706

US Classification:

428690, 313506, 428917, 5483591, 5483651, 5483731, 5483771

Abstract:

A light emitting device (LED) structure and devices containing the same in which the LED structure contains a plurality of at least a first and a second light emitting organic device (LED) stacked one upon the other, to form a layered structure, with each LED separated one from the other by a transparent conductive layer to enable each device to receive a separate bias potential to operate to emit light through the stack, at least one of said LEDs comprising an emission layer containing an emitting compound, optionally in a matrix of at least one host compound capable of carrying electrons to the emitting compound.

US Patent:

6362069, Mar 26, 2002

Filed:

Dec 28, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/750195

Inventors:

Stephen Forrest - Princeton NJ
Milind R. Gokhale - Princeton NJ
Hongsheng Wang - Princeton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

H01L 2176

US Classification:

438401, 438462, 438 29, 438 45

Abstract:

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing VCSELs which involves a flip-bonding process wherein the top surface of the VCSEL wafer is bonded face down onto a surrogate substrate. The process begins in a manner similar to traditional double dielectric stack based VCSEL, but then involves flip-bonding the wafer onto an In or Ag epoxy coated surrogate substrate. The InP substrate is then selectively etched. After flip-bonding the wafer fabrication proceeds on the freshly etched surface which now forms the top surface. Next, standard mesa-isolation and contact formation techniques are performed on this newly etched surface.

US Patent:

6365270, Apr 2, 2002

Filed:

Dec 9, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/458488

Inventors:

Stephen Ross Forrest - Princeton NJ
Mark Edward Thompson - Hamilton Square NJ
Paul Edward Burrows - Princeton NJ
Linda Susan Sapochak - Florham Park NJ
Dennis Matthew McCarty - Southampton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

B32B 1706

US Classification:

428336, 257 89, 257 90, 257 94, 257 96, 257 97, 257 98, 257440, 257443, 428332, 428432, 428433, 428434, 428457

Abstract:

A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias.

US Patent:

6366268, Apr 2, 2002

Filed:

Jan 28, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/493099

Inventors:

Stephen R. Forrest - Princeton NJ
Mark E. Thompson - Anaheim Hills CA

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ
The University of Southern California - Los Angeles CA

International Classification:

G09G 332

US Classification:

345 82, 345 83, 345208

Abstract:

An addressing method induces increased light output in an organic light emitting display by applying several excitation currents to each row in an display per frame. The row excitation pulses may advance sequentially across every row in the display and, when the row driver reaches the last row in the display, the row driver returns to the first row in the display and begins again. In an embodiment, the row driver may complete 100-1000 cycles across all rows in the display for each frame. This method of addressing the display yields increase light output with a correspondingly lower-powered excitation current.

US Patent:

6381380, Apr 30, 2002

Filed:

Jun 22, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/337785

Inventors:

Stephen R. Forrest - Princeton NJ
Milind Gokhale - Princeton NJ
Pavel Studenkov - Princeton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ

International Classification:

G02B 600

US Classification:

385 14

Abstract:

An asymmetric twin waveguide (ATG) structure is disclosed that significantly reduces the negative effects of inter-modal interference in symmetric twin-waveguide structures and which can be effectively used to implement a variety of optical devices. The ATG structure of the invention can be monolithically fabricated on a single epitaxial structure without the necessity of epitaxial re-growth. To achieve the ATG structure of the invention, the effective index of the passive waveguide in the ATG is varied from that of a symmetric twin waveguide such that one mode of the even and odd modes of propagation is primarily confined to the passive waveguide and the other to the active waveguide. The different effective indices of the two coupled waveguides result in the even and odd modes becoming highly asymmetric. As a result, the mode with the larger confinement factor in the active waveguide experiences higher gain and becomes dominant. In a further embodiment, the active waveguide is tapered to reduce coupling losses of the optical energy between the passive waveguide and the active waveguide.

US Patent:

6387544, May 14, 2002

Filed:

Dec 2, 1998

Appl. No.:

09/204386

Inventors:

Mark E. Thompson - Anaheim CA
Loy Douglas - Lakewood CA
Stephen R. Forrest - Princeton NJ
Bryan E. Koene - Watertown MA
Diarmuid OBrien - Princeton NJ

Assignee:

The Trustees of Princeton University - Princeton NJ
The University of Southern California - Los Angeles CA

International Classification:

H05B 3312

US Classification:

428690, 428917, 313504, 313506, 540576, 540587, 564427, 564428

Abstract:

Organic light emitting devices comprising a heterostructure for producing electroluminescence having a hole transporting layer with a glass structure. The hole transporting layer comprises a compound having a symmetric molecular structure. The end groups of the symmetric molecule are hole transporting diaryl amine moieties.