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Coke deposits are removed from particulates by combustion in a regenerator by a process in which air is initially used as the oxidant. The combustion gas is subjected to a separation process to remove nitrogen therefrom, and the remaining carbon dioxide-enriched gas stream is recycled to the regenerator together while substantially pure oxygen is introduced into the regenerator. As the level of carbon dioxide in the system increases, the amount of air being introduced into the regenerator is gradually reduced and, in compensation, the amount of oxygen flowing to the regenerator is gradually increased. Eventually, part or all of the air is replaced by oxygen and carbon dioxide recycle gas, and the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide are regulated to maintain the desired temperature in the regenerator.
An optical system for a camera includes a convex reflector, a decompression lens, and an image sensor. The convex reflector has a first diameter and a non-parabolic, axially symmetric, aspheric surface that provides a virtual curved and compressed image of a scene having a non-parabolic image compression. The decompression lens is positioned to receive the virtual curved and compressed image. The decompression lens is configured to decompress the virtual curved and compressed image into a real image having a parabolic image decompression and project the real image. The image sensor is positioned to receive the real image. The real image has a second diameter at the image sensor that is less than the first diameter. A ratio of the first diameter to the second diameter is between 6.5:1 and 2.3:1. The optical system provides a polychromatic modulation transfer function of 30% or more for 150 cy/mm.
An optical system, apparatus, and method for sensing 360-degree horizontal and wide vertical field of view are shown. Powerful optics creates high resolution decompressed images on an image sensor. The compact panoramic camera includes two major optical components: (i) an axially symmetric convex aspheric reflector incorporated into a catadioptric optical element capable of providing a virtual curved image of a 360-degree panoramic scene with a specific image compression and (ii) a decompression lens with hardware aperture. The decompression lens is comprised of three single lens elements and accepts the virtual curved and compressed image and projects it onto the image sensor with high optical resolution and desirable image decompression to achieve a high digital resolution at the same time. Another version of decompression lens is comprised only of a single lens element and projects high resolution decompressed images onto an image sensor.
An optical system, apparatus, and method for sensing 360-degree horizontal and wide vertical field of view are shown. Powerful optics creates high resolution decompressed images on an image sensor. The compact panoramic camera includes two major optical components: (i) an axially symmetric convex aspheric reflector incorporated into a catadioptric optical element capable of providing a virtual curved image of a 360-degree panoramic scene with a specific image compression and (ii) a decompression lens with hardware aperture. The decompression lens is comprised of three single lens elements and accepts the virtual curved and compressed image and projects it onto the image sensor with high optical resolution and desirable image decompression to achieve a high digital resolution at the same time. Another version of decompression lens is comprised only of a single lens element and projects high resolution decompressed images onto an image sensor.
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Raghu Menon
Education:
University of Arizona - Mathematics and Economics
About:
I am a student at the University of Arizona, and I study mathematics and economics.